Chelonus carbonator

Chelonus carbonator

authorMarshall, 1885

synonyms

body

shape♂ ♀ Length, 1 3/4 - 2 li (3.9 - 4.5 mm) [M], ♀: 4.5-5, ♂: 4.8-5(-5.2) mm [P2][P1]. 4 - 5mm [Te1].

colorBlack [M].

head

shapeVertex transverse, narrowed behind the eyes, cheeks not dilated; frontal fovea deep, geminated. The punctiform tentorial pits very small [M]. The face is twice as wide as the height; malar space 0.5 times the longitudinal diameter of the head; temples slightly less than the width of the eye. The ocelli are small; the distance between them and the eyes is 4 times the diameter of the ocellus [Te1].

sculptureHead rather shining, finely and irregularly rugulose, reticulated, partly striato-rugulose, beset with pale hairs, especially on the face, which is also tranversely striated; clypeus shining, densely punctulate, discrete. Frontal fovea shining [M]. Temple and vertex transversely striated and at most with a few anastomosis (Fig. 4) [P2]. Temples reticulate-rugose, vertex transverse rugose [Zh1]. Antennal fossae on the forehead smooth, shiny, separated by a longitudinal carina [Te1].

colorpalpi blackish ; tips of mandibles yellow-brown [M].

antenna

shape ♀Antennae with 28 - 33 segments, widened for about 2/3 of their length, afterwards slightly and gradually decreasing [M]. Antenna with (27) 29-33 segments, penultimate 3-4 segments 1.2 - 1.4x as long as broad [P2][P1]. Antennae equal to body length, slender, not compressed behind the middle, 28-33-segmented [Te1].

shape ♂Antennae ♂ as long as the body, 33-34 segments [M]. Antenna with 29-34 segments, penultimate 3-4 segments 1.6-2x as long as broad [P2][P1]. 33-34-segmented in ♂ [Te1].

colorAntennae black [S4].

mesosoma

shapePost-scutellum not dentiform. Propodeum short, very transverse, quadridenticulate, shining, with traces of a medial carina [M]. Propodeum with a clear transverse carina, and 4 teeth [Zh1]. Propodeum with a transverse ridge in the middle, with 2 teeth on the sides [Te1].

sculptureMesonotum shining, uneven, with coarse irregular scattered punctures in front, striated and subreticulated towards the scutellum, which is shining and sparingly punctulate. Propodeum coarsely reticulated [M]. Scutellum is slightly convex, smooth and shiny [Zh1]. Mesoscutum weakly but densely rugose-punctate. Notauli are poorly visible. Scutellum smooth in middle, rugose along margins. The sides of the mesosoma and the propodeum are roughly rugose [Te1]. Mesonotum roughly rugose in front of scutellum, significantly different from somewhat smoothed sculpture on its anterior and lateral parts [T13].

color

legs

shape Hind femur 3.3-3.4x as long as broad (Fig. 1) [P2][P1]. Hind tibia spurs equal to 1/2 metatarsus length [Te1].

sculptureHind coxae rugose [Te1].

colorFore femora except the base, fore tibiae entirely, mid femora at the extreme apex, yellow-brown; 4 posterior tibiae dull yellow-brown, broadly blackish at the apex and darkish near the base, or the hind tibiae black with a yellow-brownish ring; tarsi blackish, the 4 anterior reddish at the base [M].

wings

shapeMarginal cell short, broader than the stigma; SR1 curved; radius of the hind wings sinuated. wings, 3-3 1/2 lin. (6.9 - 7.8 mm) [M]. 1-R1 about as long as pterostigma and at most slightly shorter (Fig. 8, see arrows) [P2][P1]. r usually nearly as long as 3-SR [P1]. r is noticeably shorter than 3-SR and is equal to r-m; SR1 curved, three times as long as 3-SR. 1-R1 is equal to the length of the pterostigma. cu-a is postfurcal, ♀: 1-CU1 = 0.33 x 2-CU1 [Te1].

colorFore wings infumated, darker in the ♀ with a curved whitish streak behind the pterostigma; hind wings nearly transparent ; tegulae black; pterostigma, costa, and veins dark, only the parastigma and M+CU1 yellow-brown [M]. The wings are slightly smoky; the pterostigma is brown; tegulae are black [Te1].

metasoma

shapeMetasoma as long as the head and mesosoma, without basal carinae, depresso-cylindrical. Metasoma ♂ obtuse, of the ♀ ovate, less bluntly rounded behind [M]. Carapace in lateral view (Figs. 3, 6, 7) posteriorly more or less rounded; in dorsal view (Figs. 2, 5) 2x (♀) or 2-2.2x (♂) as long as posteriorly broad [P2]. The metasoma is equal to the length of the head and mesosoma taken together [Te1]. Carapace (♀♂) in lateral view (Fig. 9, 10) more or less rounded behind [P1]. Metasoma 1.9–2.0 times as long as wide [T13].

sculptureDull, pubescent at the apex, reticulated and striato-rugose at the base, the striae becoming shorter and finer posteriorly, leaving the apex punctulate and somewhat shining [M]. Metasoma completely irregularly wrinkled, without sharp longitudinal rugae [Te1].

colorMetasoma immaculate [M]. Completely black [T13].

♀ ovipositorovipositor hidden [M]. The ovipositor is straight [Te1].

♂ apertureNo aperture [M].

other info

distributionAT, CH, DE, CZ, GB, NL, PL [FE].

remarksCh. humilis and Ch. carbonator, are very similar to each other. In the future, probably, the two forms will be unified into one species being variable in several respects. - The main difference between Ch. carbonator / Ch. humilis and Ch. cylindrus is restricted to their colour [P1]

hostsCrambus luteelus; Cydia janthinana; Laspeyresia cacoecia; Laspeyresia janthinana; Spodoptera mauritia; Pachynematus scutellatus; Spodoptera litura; Tortrix diversanas Christaphora Shenefelt, 1973) [Zh1].

figures

fig. 1: hind femur (Papp 1997a)	fig. 2: Carapace in dorsal view with indication of its sculpture (Papp 1997a)	fig. 3: Female carapace in lateral view (Papp 1997a)
fig. 4: Head in dorsal view with indication of its sculpture (Papp 1997a)	fig. 5: Male carapace in dorsal view (Papp 1997a)	fig. 6: Hind end of male carapace in lateral view (Papp 1997a)
fig. 7: Hind end of male carapace in lateral view (Papp 1997a)	fig. 8: Distal part of right fore wing (Papp 1997a)	fig. 9: ♀ posterior end of carapace in lateral view (Papp 1995)
fig. 10: ♂ posterior end of carapace in lateral view (Papp 1995)	fig. 11: Distal part of right fore wing (Papp 1995)	fig. 12: hind femur (Papp 1995)

references

code	reference	type of info
M	Marshall 1885	k
P1	Papp 1995	f
P2	Papp 1997a	k6f
S4	Szepligeti 1898	k
T13	Tobias 2000	k1
Te1	Telenga 1941	dkf
Zh1	Zhang 2008	dk
FE	van Achterberg 2021	Fauna Europaea
legend:	Type description \| Redescription \| description \| in key \| comment \| nom. nov. \| figure(s) \| photo(s)

links

Fauna Europaea

photos

type description

Marshall 1885

4. Chelonus carbonator, n. s.

Niger, abdomine immaculato; palpis nigricantibus; femoribus anticis praeter apicem, mediorum apice ipso, tibiis anticis totis, posterioribus medio, ferrugineis, vel tibiis posticis nigris rufoannulatis. Alae anticae infumatae, in femina saturatius, posticae magis hyalinae; squamulae nigrae; stigma cum costa nervisque exterioribus fuscum; parastigma et nervus praebrachialis testacea ; areola radialis brevis, stigmate latior, abscissa 3tia curvata; alarum inferiorum radius sinuatus. Clypeus discretus, punctis ad basin duobus exiguis impressus ; vertex transversus, pone oculos contractus, genis nequaquam dilatis ; fovea frontalis nitida, profunda, geminata. Maris antennae 33—34-, feminae 28—33-articulatae, crassinsculae, apicem versus sensim decrescentes. Mesomesosoma antice fortiter punctatus, postering striato-reticulatus. Metamesosoma brevis, valde transversus, 4-denticulatus, medio subcarinatus, reticulatus. metasoma sculptura solita exasperatum, carinis basalibus nullis, maris apice integrum, obtusum, feminae magis ovatum, terebra occulta.

Black, metasoma immaculate ; palpi blackish ; tips of mandibles, fore femora except the base, fore tihiae entirely, intermediate femora at the extreme apex, ferruginous; 4 posterior tibiae dull ferruginous, broadly blackish at the apex and annulated with fuscous near the base, or the hind tibiae black with a subferruginous ring; tarsi blackish, the 4 anterior rufous at the base. Fore wings infumted,darker in the ♀ , with a curved whitish streak behind the stigma; hind wings nearly hyaline ; squamulae black; stigma, costa, and nervures fuscous, only the parastigma and prsebrachial nervure testaceous; radial areolet short, broader than the stigma; 3d abscissa of the radius curved; radius of the hind wings sinuated. Head and mesosoma rather shining, the former finely and irregularly rugulose, reticulated, partly striato-rugulose, beset with pale hairs, especially on the face, which is also tranversely striated; clypeus shining, densely punctulate, discrete, the punctiform basal foveae very minute; vertex transverse, narrowed behind the eyes, cheeks not dilated; frontal fovea shining, deep, geminated. Antennae ♂ as long as the body, 33—34-jointed; of the ♀ shorter, 28—33-jointed, incrassated for about 2/3 of their length, afterwards slightly and gradually decreasing. Mesomesosoma shining, uneven, with coarse irregular scattered punctures in front, striated and subreticulated towards the scutellum, which is shining and sparingly punctulate. Post-scutellum not dentiform. Metamesosoma short, very transverse, quadridenticulate, shining, coarsely reticulated, with traces of a medial carina. metasoma dull, pubescent at the apex, as long as the head and mesosoma, without basal carinae, depresso-cylindrical, reticulated and striato-rugose at the base, the striae becoming shorter and finer posteriorly, leaving the apex punctulate and somewhat shining. metasoma ♂ obtuse and imperforate at the apex; of the ♀ ovate, less bluntly rounded behind; terebra concealed. ♂ ♀ . Length, 13/4—2 ; wings, 3—31/2 lin.

Described from two males and two females. One pair was taken by Billups, the ♀ is ticketed "Margate." Bignell captured a ♂ in Devonshire, and the remaining ♀ is in Fitch’s collection. A ♂ with 34-jointed antennae is among some Andalusian insects brought by Sharp from the Sierra Nevada.

Data used in the multi-access key

These data are collected from the species descriptions and redescriptions, from published figures and photographs and from own measureements and observations. For a description of the different variables and value classes see this pdf.

morphology
basic information	female	male
body length (mm):	(4) 4 - 5 (5.2)	(4) 4 - 5 (5.2)
number of antennal segments:	(27) 27 - 33	(29) 29 - 34
head, dorsal view
Head width : length	narrow, wide	narrow, wide
Temples narrowing - widening	parallel	parallel
Eye length : temple length	0.75 - 1.0, 1.0 - 1.25	0.75 - 1.0, 1.0 - 1.25
Roundness temple	strong	strong
POL : OD	3 - 4, > 4	3 - 4, > 4
Ocellar triangle shape	wide	wide
Excavation of head	15 - 25%, 25 - 35%	15 - 25%, 25 - 35%
head, lateral view
Head height : length	---	---
Eye height : length	---	---
Temple length : eye length	very short, short	very short, short
head, frontal view
Head width : height	---	---
Face width : height	wide	wide
Eyes converging ventrally	---	---
EH : MSL	---	---
Clypeus width : height	---	---
Clypeus extending above bottom of eyes	---	---
Tentorial pits	---	---
Shape of lower margin clypeus	---	---
antennae
Antennal shape	filiform, not widened, slightly widened, clearly widened	filiform, not widened
Segment 3 length : width	---	---
Penultimate segment length : width	short, medium	medium, long
Length of antenna : length of body	1: very short	1: very short
mesosoma, lateral view
Length : height	---	---
transverse carina	well developed	well developed
lateral teeth	present	present
mesosoma, ventral view
Prepectal carina lamelliform	indistinct	indistinct
legs
Hind femur length : width ratio	medium	medium
Hind tibia length : hind tarsus length ratio	---	---
Hind tibia (longest) spur length : metatars length ratio	long	long
wings
Vein 1-R1 length : pterostigma length	long	long
Vein r length : vein 3-SR length	short	short
Shape vein SR1 (straight / concave / convex)	concave, slightly concave	concave, slightly concave
S-shape vein SR1	not S-shaped	apically convex
cell M : cell Sm2	---	---
Pterostigma length : width ratio	long	long
Angle between radial vein (r) : vein 1-R1	sharp	sharp
metasoma, dorsal view
Length : width ratio of metasoma	medium, long	medium, long
Shape of metasoma	widest towards apex	widest towards apex
metasoma, lateral view
Length : height ratio of metasoma	short, medium	short, medium
posterior : anterior height ratio of metasoma	medium, large	medium, large
Position of maximum height	posterior	posterior
metasoma, ventral view
Metasoma posteriorly curved forwards	---	---
male apical aperture
Aperture width : metasoma width	no aperture	no aperture
Aperture shape	n. a.	n. a.
Median process shape	n. a.	n. a.
sculpture
head
general coarseness	fine, medium	fine, medium
clypeus
coarseness punctation	punctulate	punctulate
density punctation	---	---
face
sculpture type	striate, rugose	striate, rugose
sculpture direction	irregular, transverse	irregular, transverse
vertex and temple
sculpture type	striate-rugulose	striate-rugulose
mesonotum
sculpture type	notauli distinct	notauli distinct
scutellum
middle	smooth	smooth
lateral	rugose / striate	rugose / striate
metasoma
base - mid sculpture	striate-rugose, longitudinally rugose / rugose-striate	striate-rugose, longitudinally rugose / rugose-striate
sculpture at apex	rugulose, smooth	rugulose, smooth
coarse / fine boundary	mid (50 - 70%)	mid (50 - 70%)
color
head
mandibles color pattern	light tip	light tip
palpi, lightest color	black, dark brown	black, dark brown
antennae
scapus, lightest color	black, dark brown	black, dark brown
segment 3 and 4, lightest color	black, dark brown	black, dark brown
legs
fore coxae lightest colour	dark	dark
fore femur lightest colour	medium light	medium light
fore femur color pattern	base dark	base dark
hind femur lightest colour	dark	dark
hind femur color pattern	entirely dark	entirely dark
hind tibia lightest colour	medium light	medium light
hind tibia color pattern	narrow light ring	narrow light ring
hind basitarsus lightest colour	dark	dark
hind tarsus segment 2-3 lightest colour	dark	dark
wings
middle veins lightest colour	dark, medium dark	dark, medium dark
basal veins lightest colour	medium light	medium light
metasoma
metasoma colour pattern	entirely dark	entirely dark
metasoma lightest colour	dark	dark
metasoma base, colour pattern	entirely dark	entirely dark
metasoma base, light spots	n.a.	n.a.
metasoma base, light band	n.a.	n.a.

Chelonus carbonator in published keys

P2: Papp, 1997a

Revision of the Chelonus s. str. species described by C. G. Thomson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Cheloninae)

M: Marshall, 1885

Monograph of British Braconidae. Part 1

P1: Papp, 1995

Revision of C. Wesmael’s Chelonus species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae).