Chelonus bonellii

Chelonus bonellii

authorNees, 1816

synonyms

body

shape5.6 mm [N][Te1]. 4.5mm [M2]. 5.44mm [Zh1]. 4.0 - 4.5mm [T16][T4]. 3.7 - 4.3mm [Ch].

colorblack [N]. Body with quite coarse alveolate sculpture [T4].

head

shapeMandibles narrow, elongated. Hypostoma rather flat, almost square, with in middle an obsolete carina. Vertex transverse, punctated [N]. Face flattened, almost square, a weak carina in the middle [M2]. Eye length is 0.84 times temple. Edge of clypeus protruding, in middle truncated. Malar space 1.38 x mandible base width [Zh1]. The head width in doirsal view is 1.5~1.7 times the length, and 1.0~1.2 times the chest width. the ocelli are medium in size, in a blunt triangle row. OOL: OD: POL- 1.2: 0.5: 0.8 to 1.3: 0.6: 1.0. Temple is blunt and rounded, shorter than the eye (eye : temple = 1.2 - 1.4). Face width is 1.4 - 1.5 times the height. The clypeus is raised, higher than the face, without obvious separation from the face. Clypeus 1.5 times as wide as high, front edge blunt and round. Malar space 0.9 - 1.0 times mandible base width [Ch]. The head is transverse, slightly rounded posteriorly. Malar space equal to 0.5 longitudinal diamater of the eye. Ocelli small, OOL is 4 timesOD [Te1]. Occiput [vertex?] with 6—8 transverse folds [T4].

sculptureHead and mesosoma with small and spaced punctures, and with white pubescence [N]. Vertex punctated, rugae only on back side (?) [N]. Concentric striae on back of vertex [M2]. Vertex with not more than 5 horizontal rugae. Frons depressed, rugose [Zh1]. Occiput [vertex?] with 6-8 transverse rugae [T16]. Head with fine horizontal rugae, except for clypeus and frons. frons is sunken, smooth, shiny, without obvious ridges. Clypeus with small punctures and shiny [Ch]. Head is rugose and striated, clypeus punctate and shining. Antennal fossae on the forehead smooth at the base [Te1]

colorMandibles dark with reddish tip, palpi yellowish-brown [N]. Palpi black [Zh1]. Mandible yellow-brown, palpi white [?] [Ch].

antenna

shape ♀Antennae setaceous, a little shorter than body [N]. Antennae of female with more than 18 segments [FTR]. Antennae with 21 segments, clearly longer than head + mesosoma. Length 3rd segment is 1.22 x 4th segment, the lengths of the third, fourth and end segments are 3.00, 2.46 and 1.60 times their width, respectively [Zh1].

shape ♂Antenna of male as long as body [FTR], slender [T16][T4]. The antennae are thin, 32-34 segments, longer than the body, the middle part not widened. Length of the scapus, 3rd, 4th and penultimate segment is 2.5-2.9, 2.8-2.9 times, 2.7-2.9 times and 1.5-2.3 times their width [Ch]. Antennae filiform, slightly longer than body, 28 segments [Te1].

colorScapus light brown /yellow, flagellum light brown [Ch].

mesosoma

shapeScutellum triangular, pointed, sharp border somewhat raised. Propodeum short, truncated, on both sides with one tooth, no dorsal teeth [N]. Mesosoma length : height ratio is1.18, mesosoma wider than head in back view. Propodeum with transverse carina and two blunt teeth [Zh1]. Propodeum with four small teeth and nearly truncate posteriorly [Ch]. Propodeum with 2 sharp teeth at the sides and with a sharp transverse ridge in the middle [Te1].

sculptureMesosoma punctulate, scutellum sparsely punctulated all over. Propodeum reticulate-rugose [N]. Pronotum posteriorly roughly rugose, mesosoma reticulate-rugose, before scutellum coarsely reticulate-rugose [Zh1]. Mesonotum irregularly rugose. Pre-scutellar sulcus with 6 pits. The scutellum is raised, finely punctated and shiny. Mesopleurae shallow reticulate, with a nearly smooth and shiny area on the posterior side [Ch]. Mesonotum, mesopleurae and propodeum coarsely rugose. Notauili are weak, but clearly visible. The prescutellar sulcus is short, crenulated. The scutellum is smooth in the middle [Te1].

color

legs

shapeHind femur length is 3.54 times the width; the length of the hind tibia and metatarsus is 4.86 and 5.0 times the maximum width, respectively [Zh1]. The lengths of the hind femur, tibia and metatars are respectively 3.3-3.5, 4.8-5.3 and 5.0-5.7 times the width. The ratio of the length of the hind tarsus segments are 4.0 : 1.2 : 1.1 : 0.7 : 1.0 to 5.0 : 1.3 : 1.4 : 0.9 : 1.2. Lerngth bof inner spur of hind tibia is clearly less than half of hind metatars. tarsal claws are small [Ch]. Hind tibial spurs equal to 1/2 of metatars length [Te1].

sculptureHind coxae smooth and shiny [Ch]. Hind coxae rugose [Te1].

colorLegs black. Tips of femora and tibiae reddish, hind tibiae with black tip. Tarsi dark, their base reddish [N]. Fore leg tibia and tarsus brown. Mid and hind femora with brown tip. Hind tibia brown with black base and apex. Hind metatarsus is light brown [Zh1]. Fore coxae and trochanter, middle and hind tibia white with brown apex. Apex of hind femur reddish brown. Tarsi brown with light base [Ch]. The legs are black; apex of all femora, fore and middle tibiae entirely red; hind tibia with white ring in the middle [Te1]. Hind femora brownish red or black [T4].

wings

shapeForewing length is 4.14mm, 2.54 times its width. Marginal cell as long as pterostigma. 2-R1 present. r: 3-SR: SR1=28:23:86; SR1 is curved; 1 -CU1:2-CU1=20:49; CU1b vein exists; hindwing cu-a vein is straight [Zh1]. Wing length 3.3 - 3.7mm [Ch]. Pterostigma 3.2 - 3.9 times as long as wide, 1-R1 as long as pterostigma. Vein r extends from the middle of the pterostigma. r: 2-SR: 3-SR: SR1 = 1.5 : 2.5 : 1.4 : 6.5 to 1.7 : 2.4 : 1.5 : 5.5; 1-CU1: 2-CU1 = 1.8 : 3.9 to 2.0 : 3.9; hind wing M+CU is the same length as 1-M [Ch]. Vein r slightly shorter than 3-SR and equal to r-m. SR1 slightly curved, almost three times as long as 3-SR. 1-R1 is equal to the length of the pterostigma. 1-CU1 > 0.5 times 2-CU1 [Te1].

colorWings dark transparent, veins and stigma dark [N]. Veins and pterostigma dark brown, basal veins yellow and white [Zh1]. The wing base is light yellow-brown, the wings are opaque, the pterostigma and veins are brown [Ch]. The wings are slightly smoky; the pterostigma is black; tegulae are dirty yellow [Te1].

metasoma

shapeMetasoma as long as head + mesosoma, oblong-subcylindrical. Base blunt, not carinate, apex rounded. Ventral side concave [N]. Carapace less than 3.5 times longer than height of apical third in lateral view [FTR]. Metasoma oval, short, 1.68 x as long as wide. there is a small notch on the lower edge of the carapace in the posterior view [Zh1]. Metasoma oval in dorsal view, the two basal carinae are thin. The length is 2.1-2.3 times the width, widest at the end. The carapace is flat in lateral view, only the end is bluntly round and thickened, and the ventral cavity extends almost to the end bof the carapace [Ch]. Metasoma is equal to the length of the head and mesosoma [Te1].

sculptureMetasoma completely rugulose-reticulate, with a network of fine furrows [N]. Base 3/4 of metasoma with longitudinal reticular rugae, the rest irregularly rugulose [Ch]. Metasoma with distinct longitudinal rugae only at the base [Te1].

colorLarge triagonal lateral spots on both sides before apex, yellowish brown [N], or only a red border on the ventral side [S2]. The feature of red-brown spots on both sides of the metasomal apex is not universal and stable in individuals [Zh1]. There is a dark red round spot on the left and right sides of the carapace at 1/10 of the carapace apex, the size is similar to the front ocellus. Sometimes there are yellow-white to yellow spots between the basal carinae. [Ch].

♀ ovipositor

♂ apertureno [FTR].

other info

distribution

remarksClose to Ch. decorus Marsh., from which it differs in body coloration and sculpture of individual parts [Te1].

hostsMythimna separata (Walker).

figures

references

code	reference	type of info
Ch	Chen et al. 2003	dkp
FTR	Farahani et al, 2013	kp
M2	Marshall 1889	d
N	Nees 1834	T
S2	Szepligeti 1896a	d
S4	Szepligeti 1898	k
Te1	Telenga 1941	dk
T16	Tobias 1972a	k
T4	Tobias 1986	k
Zh1	Zhang 2008	dk
FE	van Achterberg 2021	Fauna Europaea
legend:	Type description \| Redescription \| description \| in key \| comment \| nom. nov. \| figure(s) \| photo(s)

links

Fauna Europaea

photos

fig. 1: carapace in lateral view (Farahani et al, 2013)	fig. 2: head, dorsal view (Chen et al. 2003)
fig. 3: mesopleuron (Chen et al. 2003)	fig. 4: carapace, lateral view (Chen et al. 2003)

type description

Nees 1834

18. CHELONUS Bonellii.

Ch. niger, opacus, femoribus apice tibiisque rufis, posticis apice nigris; abdomine oblongo, ruguloso-reticulato, maculis duabus fulvis ante apicem. Mas.

(Scutellum undique punctulatum.)

Synon.. Sigalphus Bonellii N. ab E. Berl, Mag. VII. p. 271. n. 29, tab. VII. Fig. 4.

Long. lin. 2 1/4. Statura reliquorum hujus sectionis. Nigredo corporis opaca. Superficies capitis thoracisque punctis parvis, nec confertissimis, insculpta, albido-pubescens. Mandibulae tenues, elongatae, fuscae, apice rufae. Palpi fusco-testacei. Anlennae setaceae, corpore paulo breviores.

Hypostoma planiusculum, subquadratum, in medio obsolete carinatum; vertex transversus, punctulatus, rugisque solitis arcuatis postice insculptus. mesosoma structurae solitae, niger, punctulatus; scutellum triangulum, acutum, undique, nec dense, punctulatum, margine acuto parum elevato. Metamesosoma brevis, truncatus, utrinque unidentatus, dente nullo dorsali, reticulato - rugosus. metasoma longitudine capitis thoracisque, oblongo-subcylindricum, integrum, ruguloso-reticulatum, retis areolis angustis, longitudinalibus basi retusum, nec carinatum, apice rotundatum, ibidemque macula utriusque lateris magna subtrigona, fulvo - ferruginea insigne, qua nota praesertim hicce a Chelono oculato differt. Venter concavus, Pedes nigri, femoribus omnibus apice tibiisque rufis, posticis nigredine terminatis; tarsis fuscis, basi rufescentibuis. Aiae obscure hyalinae, nervis et stigmate fuscis.

Habitat in Italia. Exemplum unicum e Collectione cl. Bonellii, Prof. Taur., contigit videre, nec postea occurrit.

Data used in the multi-access key

These data are collected from the species descriptions and redescriptions, from published figures and photographs and from own measureements and observations. For a description of the different variables and value classes see this pdf.

morphology
basic information	female	male
body length (mm):	(3.8) 3.8 - 5.3 (5.5)	(3.8) 3.8 - 5.3 (5.5)
number of antennal segments:	(19) 19 (22)	(28) 28 - 34
head, dorsal view
Head width : length	very narrrow, narrow	very narrrow, narrow
Temples narrowing - widening	---	---
Eye length : temple length	0.75 - 1.0, 1.0 - 1.25, > 1.25	0.75 - 1.0, 1.0 - 1.25, > 1.25
Roundness temple	medium, weak, very weak	medium, weak, very weak
POL : OD	<= 2	<= 2
Ocellar triangle shape	wide, very wide	wide, very wide
Excavation of head	15 - 25%, 25 - 35%	15 - 25%, 25 - 35%
head, lateral view
Head height : length	---	---
Eye height : length	---	---
Temple length : eye length	---	---
head, frontal view
Head width : height	---	---
Face width : height	very narrow	very narrow
Eyes converging ventrally	---	---
EH : MSL	short	short
Clypeus width : height	quadrangular, semicircular	quadrangular, semicircular
Clypeus extending above bottom of eyes	---	---
Tentorial pits	---	---
Shape of lower margin clypeus	truncate	truncate
antennae
Antennal shape	filiform, not widened	filiform, not widened
Segment 3 length : width	medium	---
Penultimate segment length : width	medium	---
Length of antenna : length of body	3: long, 4: very long	4: very long
mesosoma, lateral view
Length : height	short	short
transverse carina	well developed	well developed
lateral teeth	weak, small, short, present	weak, small, short, present
mesosoma, ventral view
Prepectal carina lamelliform	indistinct	indistinct
legs
Hind femur length : width ratio	medium	medium
Hind tibia length : hind tarsus length ratio	---	---
Hind tibia (longest) spur length : metatars length ratio	short, long	short, long
wings
Vein 1-R1 length : pterostigma length	long	long
Vein r length : vein 3-SR length	short	short
Shape vein SR1 (straight / concave / convex)	slightly concave, straight or S-shaped, slightly convex	slightly concave, straight or S-shaped, slightly convex
S-shape vein SR1	---	not S-shaped
cell M : cell Sm2	---	---
Pterostigma length : width ratio	---	---
Angle between radial vein (r) : vein 1-R1	---	---
metasoma, dorsal view
Length : width ratio of metasoma	short, medium, long	short, medium, long
Shape of metasoma	---	---
metasoma, lateral view
Length : height ratio of metasoma	medium, long	medium, long
posterior : anterior height ratio of metasoma	large	large
Position of maximum height	medium-posterior, posterior	posterior
metasoma, ventral view
Metasoma posteriorly curved forwards	(almost) not incurved, just/slightly incurved	(almost) not incurved, just/slightly incurved
male apical aperture
Aperture width : metasoma width	no aperture	no aperture
Aperture shape	n. a.	n. a.
Median process shape	n. a.	n. a.
sculpture
head
general coarseness	fine	fine
clypeus
coarseness punctation	punctulate	punctulate
density punctation	---	---
face
sculpture type	rugose	rugose
sculpture direction	transverse	transverse
vertex and temple
sculpture type	striate-rugulose	striate-rugulose
mesonotum
sculpture type	notauli slightly distinct	notauli slightly distinct
scutellum
middle	smooth, punctate	smooth, punctate
lateral	punctate	punctate
metasoma
base - mid sculpture	longitudinally rugose / rugose-striate , rugose / reticulate	longitudinally rugose / rugose-striate , rugose / reticulate
sculpture at apex	rugulose	rugulose
coarse / fine boundary	mid (50 - 70%)	mid (50 - 70%)
color
head
mandibles color pattern	light tip, entirely light	light tip, entirely light
palpi, lightest color	light brown, brownish yellow, yellow, ivory, white	light brown, brownish yellow, yellow, ivory, white
antennae
scapus, lightest color	reddish or brownish yellow	reddish or brownish yellow
segment 3 and 4, lightest color	reddish or brownish yellow	reddish or brownish yellow
legs
fore coxae lightest colour	dark	dark
fore femur lightest colour	medium dark	medium dark
fore femur color pattern	tip light	tip light
hind femur lightest colour	medium dark	medium dark
hind femur color pattern	tip light	tip light
hind tibia lightest colour	medium dark, medium light, light	medium dark, medium light, light
hind tibia color pattern	wide light ring, wide light base	wide light ring, wide light base
hind basitarsus lightest colour	medium light	medium light
hind tarsus segment 2-3 lightest colour	dark, medium dark	dark, medium dark
wings
middle veins lightest colour	dark, medium dark	dark, medium dark
basal veins lightest colour	medium light, light	medium light, light
metasoma
metasoma colour pattern	color on apical two-thirds	color on apical two-thirds
metasoma lightest colour	medium dark, medium light	medium dark, medium light
metasoma base, colour pattern	1, 2 or 4 spots	1, 2 or 4 spots
metasoma base, light spots	2 small spots, 4 spots	2 small spots, 4 spots
metasoma base, light band	n.a.	n.a.

Chelonus bonellii in published keys

T4: Tobias, 1986

Key to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR Volume III. Hymenoptera. Part four. Chapter 16